In research, what is a common purpose of a literature review?

A literature review plays a critical role in the research process, primarily by summarizing the existing knowledge on a specific topic. It provides an overview of relevant theories, findings, and gaps in the current research, enabling the researcher to understand the context of their study. This summary helps in identifying what work has already been done, which can inform the formulation of research questions and hypotheses.

By synthesizing various sources, a literature review also highlights areas that require further exploration, thereby justifying the need for new research. It is not aimed at finalizing a research hypothesis, conducting experiments, or primarily gathering data; rather, it serves as a foundational resource that informs the entire research process. This comprehensive understanding is essential for building upon existing knowledge and advancing a field of study.