Which psychological approach focuses on the study of mental processes?

Cognitive psychology is the approach that specifically focuses on understanding mental processes such as perception, memory, reasoning, problem-solving, and decision-making. This area of psychology investigates how individuals acquire, process, and store information, thereby providing insight into how thoughts, emotions, and behaviors are interconnected.

By emphasizing the internal processes that influence behavior, cognitive psychology provides a framework for exploring how people interpret their experiences and respond to various situations. This contrasts with other psychological approaches that may prioritize observable behaviors or biological factors over internal cognitive functions.